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The information contained in this document has been compiled from sources believed to be reliable at the time and is presented here as a study aid and for general information use only. This information is not intended to replace or supercede the information or procedures outlined in your first aid textbook, other officially issued study materials or government published acts or legislative documents.
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Pneumothorax is the result of an injury where the air gets into the chest cavity. This can cause one or both of the lungs to collapse, which is a life-threatening breathing emergency. If air gets into the chest cavity through an open wound, the wound is called a penetrating chest wound. Bloodstained bubbles may appear around the wound when the person exhales.

First Aid for ineffective breathing

For the cause of the breathing emergency like;
Sealing a chest wound
Supporting an area of broken ribs
Positioning the casualty to make breathing easier
If none of these work give the person assisted breathing.
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